Read the following text and answer the quiz below.
[1] Dental disease is a common issue among dogs, particularly in small and toy breeds, which are more susceptible due to the size of their mouths. In addition to causing dirty teeth, bad breath and discomfort, dental and gum disease can lead to serious health complications that may affect a dog’s heart, kidneys and liver.
[2] Periodontal disease or gum disease is the most common dental condition in dogs and cats. By age three, 80 per cent of dogs and cats show signs of dental disease such as plaque, tartar, bad breath or periodontal disease. These conditions worsen as they grow older if preventive measures are not taken.
[3] Periodontal disease starts with plaque that hardens into tartar. Tartar above the gumline can easily be seen and removed. But plaque and tartar below the gumline can set the stage for damage to the jawbone and the tissues that connect the tooth to the jawbone.
[4] Early detection and treatment are critical because advanced periodontal disease can cause severe problems and pain for your dog. Periodontal disease does not just affect a pet’s mouth, as it can also lead to disease affecting the kidneys, heart muscle and liver. Your pet’s teeth and gums should be checked at least once a year by your veterinarian for early signs of problems and to keep your pet’s mouth healthy.
[5] The treatment of periodontal disease involves a thorough dental cleaning, and X-rays may be needed to determine the severity of the disease. Because most dental disease occurs below the gumline, where you cannot see it, a thorough dental cleaning and evaluation are performed under anaesthesia. Dental cleaning includes scaling to remove dental plaque and tartar and polishing, which is the process used on your own teeth during your regular dental cleanings.
[6] Besides professional cleaning, there are things you can do at home to help maintain the cleanliness of your dog’s teeth. This includes daily brushing of a dog’s teeth. Get your dog used to having their mouth touched and handled at an early age. It can be useful to speak to a veterinarian. Please note that it is important never to use human toothpaste. Look for products that have been tested and approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council.
Source: Tribune News Service, February 13
Content provided by British Council
