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Learning Zone / Study Tools / Everyday English

7 English nouns to describe mischief, mayhem and a whole lot of trouble

Are you up to no good? These less common, unusual terms are punchy, playful and a great addition to your vocab
byDannie Aildasani
Published: 8:01am, 12 May 2026
Length: 365 words
7 English nouns to describe mischief, mayhem and a whole lot of trouble

Mischief or mayhem? Here are some words to help you accurately describe troublemaking. Photo: Shutterstock

A little mischief can make life more interesting, but there is a fine line between harmless play and mayhem. These words and phrases can be used to describe everything from silliness to tricks, sneakiness and even outright scams.

Shenanigans

Meaning: secret or dishonest activities that people find interesting and sometimes funny. It can also describe less serious or mischievous behaviour.

Example: What shenanigans do you think our classmates will get up to during the summer holidays?

Horseplay

Meaning: physically rough and rowdy play that may risk breaking items or causing injury

Example: Knock off that horseplay! We are surrounded by expensive crystal vases, and I don’t think it will end well.

What might these kids be up to? Maybe an innocent caper or some monkey business. Photo: Shutterstock
What might these kids be up to? Maybe an innocent caper or some monkey business. Photo: Shutterstock

Caper

Meaning: dishonest, dangerous or illegal activity. It is more commonly used to discuss improper activities that are amusing and not serious

Example: We planned a daring midnight caper to steal the school mascot.

Monkey business

Meaning: dishonest, sneaky or silly behaviour

Example: There is some monkey business going on in that company. How can they have only existed for two months and already made a billion dollars?

Tomfoolery

Meaning: silly behaviour, often done as a joke

Example: We had a substitute teacher this week, so my class has been getting up to all kinds of tomfoolery.

I only turned around for a moment, but my siblings were immediately up to more tomfoolery. Photo: Shutterstock
I only turned around for a moment, but my siblings were immediately up to more tomfoolery. Photo: Shutterstock

Quackery

Meaning: the methods or behaviour of someone who pretends to have medical knowledge. It often involves methods that do not work and are only intended to make money.

Example: Dr Lam told you drinking lemon juice and chicken broth would make you smarter? Sounds like quackery to me.

Flim-flam

Meaning: ideas, statements or beliefs that you think are untrue and silly. It is usually meant to confuse or deceive someone. This noun can also be used as an adjective and verb to describe someone trying to con you.

Example: Anson’s idea to make lots of money sounds like flim-flam to me.

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